Facts Of Obesity and overweight
* Since 1980, obesity has more than doubled worldwide.
* In 2008, 1500 million adults (20 and over) were overweight. Within this group, more than 200 million men and nearly 300 million women were obese.
* 65% of the population lives in countries where overweight and obesity kill more people than underweight.
* In 2010, about 43 million children under five years were overweight.
* Obesity can be prevented.
What are overweight and obesity?
Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive accumulation of fat that can be harmful to health.
The body mass index (BMI) is a simple indicator of the relationship between weight and height that is commonly used to identify overweight and obesity in adults. Is calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilos by the square of height in meters (kg/m2).
The WHO definition is:
* A BMI less than 25 determines overweight.
* A BMI less than 30 determines obesity.
The BMI provides the most useful measure of overweight and obesity in the population, since it is the same for both sexes and for adults of all ages. However, it should be considered as an indication because they may not correspond to the same level of thickness in different individuals.Data on overweight and obesity
Overweight and obesity are the fifth leading risk factor for death in the world. Die each year at least 2.8 million adults as a result of overweight or obese. Furthermore, 44% of the burden of diabetes, 23% of the burden of ischemic heart disease and between 7% and 41% of the burden of some cancers are attributable to overweight and obesity.
Here are some of the WHO global estimates for 2008:
* 1500 million adults 20 and over were overweight.
* Of this amount, more than 200 million men and nearly 300 million women were obese.
* In general, more than one of every 10 people in the world's adult population were obese.
In 2010, about 43 million children under five years of age were overweight. While overweight and obesity were once considered a problem of high-income countries, currently both disorders are increasing in countries of low and middle income, particularly in urban environments. In the developing countries are living about 35 million children are overweight, while in developed countries that figure is 8 million.
At the global level, overweight and obesity are associated with an increased number of deaths than underweight. For example, 65% of the population lives in countries where overweight and obesity claim more lives than underweight (this includes all high-income and most middle-income).What causes overweight and obesity?
The fundamental cause of overweight and obesity is an energy imbalance between calories consumed and expended. In the world, has produced:
* An increase in the intake of energy-dense foods that are high in fat, salt and sugars but low in vitamins, minerals and other micronutrients, and
* A decline in physical activity as a result of increasingly sedentary nature of many forms of work, new modes of travel and increasing urbanization.
Often changes in eating habits and physical activity are the result of environmental and social changes associated with the development and lack of supportive policies in areas such as health, agriculture, transportation, urban planning, environment, processing, distribution and food marketing, and education.What are the common consequences of overweight and obesity to health?
A high BMI is an important risk factor for noncommunicable diseases, such as:
* Cardiovascular disease (mainly heart disease and stroke), which in 2008 were the leading cause of death;
* Diabetes;
* Musculoskeletal disorders (especially osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease very disabling), and
* Cardiovascular disease (mainly heart disease and stroke), which in 2008 were the leading cause of death, diabetes, musculoskeletal disorders (especially osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease very disabling), and some cancers ( endometrial, breast and colon).
The risk of noncommunicable diseases increases with increasing BMI.
Childhood obesity is associated with an increased likelihood of obesity, premature death and disability in adulthood. Besides these major future risks, obese children suffer from respiratory distress, increased risk of fractures and hypertension, and have early markers of cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance and psychological effects.Face a double burden
Many countries in middle-income countries are now facing a "double burden" of disease.
* While still dealing with the problems of infectious diseases and malnutrition, these countries are experiencing a sharp increase in the risk factors for noncommunicable diseases such as obesity and overweight, particularly in urban environments.
* It is not unusual to find malnutrition and obesity coexist in the same country, the same community and household.
In low income countries and middle children are more likely to receive prenatal nutrition, infant and young child insufficient. At the same time, they are exposed to energy-dense foods high in fat, sugar and salt and low in micronutrients, which are usually inexpensive. These habits, along with a low physical activity, result in sharp growth of childhood obesity, while malnutrition problems remain unresolved.How can you reduce overweight and obesity?
Overweight and obesity and their associated non-communicable diseases are largely preventable. To support people in the process of making choices, so the easiest option is the healthiest in terms of food and regular physical activity, and thereby prevent obesity, some communities are fundamental and some environments.
At the individual level, people can:
* Limiting the energy intake from total fat;
* Increase consumption of fruits and vegetables, and legumes, whole grains and nuts;
* Limit your intake of sugars
* Regular physical activity and
* Energy balance and a healthy weight.
Individual responsibility can only be fully effective when people have access to a healthy lifestyle. Therefore, in social terms is important:
* To support people in carrying out the above recommendations, through a sustained political commitment and collaboration of multiple public and private stakeholders, and
* Make regular physical activity and healthy eating habits are both affordable and easily accessible to all, particularly the poorest.
The food industry can play an important role in promoting healthy eating:
* Reducing fat, sugar and salt in processed food;
* Ensuring that all consumers can physically and economically accessible to a healthy and nutritious food;
* Implementing responsible marketing and
* Ensure the availability of healthy foods and support the practice of regular physical activity in the workplace.
WHO's response
Adopted by the World Health Assembly in 2004, the WHO Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health describes the measures necessary to support healthy eating and regular physical activity. The Strategy calls upon all stakeholders to take action at the global, regional and local levels to improve diets and physical activity among the population.
WHO has established the Action Plan 2008-2013 of the global strategy for prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases in order to help the millions already affected by these diseases that last a lifetime to deal with them and prevent secondary complications. The Action Plan is based on the WHO Framework Convention for the Control of Snuff and the WHO Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health, and provides a roadmap for establishing and strengthening surveillance efforts, prevention and treatment of noncommunicable diseases
* Since 1980, obesity has more than doubled worldwide.
* In 2008, 1500 million adults (20 and over) were overweight. Within this group, more than 200 million men and nearly 300 million women were obese.
* 65% of the population lives in countries where overweight and obesity kill more people than underweight.
* In 2010, about 43 million children under five years were overweight.
* Obesity can be prevented.
What are overweight and obesity?
Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive accumulation of fat that can be harmful to health.
The body mass index (BMI) is a simple indicator of the relationship between weight and height that is commonly used to identify overweight and obesity in adults. Is calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilos by the square of height in meters (kg/m2).
The WHO definition is:
* A BMI less than 25 determines overweight.
* A BMI less than 30 determines obesity.
The BMI provides the most useful measure of overweight and obesity in the population, since it is the same for both sexes and for adults of all ages. However, it should be considered as an indication because they may not correspond to the same level of thickness in different individuals.Data on overweight and obesity
Overweight and obesity are the fifth leading risk factor for death in the world. Die each year at least 2.8 million adults as a result of overweight or obese. Furthermore, 44% of the burden of diabetes, 23% of the burden of ischemic heart disease and between 7% and 41% of the burden of some cancers are attributable to overweight and obesity.
Here are some of the WHO global estimates for 2008:
* 1500 million adults 20 and over were overweight.
* Of this amount, more than 200 million men and nearly 300 million women were obese.
* In general, more than one of every 10 people in the world's adult population were obese.
In 2010, about 43 million children under five years of age were overweight. While overweight and obesity were once considered a problem of high-income countries, currently both disorders are increasing in countries of low and middle income, particularly in urban environments. In the developing countries are living about 35 million children are overweight, while in developed countries that figure is 8 million.
At the global level, overweight and obesity are associated with an increased number of deaths than underweight. For example, 65% of the population lives in countries where overweight and obesity claim more lives than underweight (this includes all high-income and most middle-income).What causes overweight and obesity?
The fundamental cause of overweight and obesity is an energy imbalance between calories consumed and expended. In the world, has produced:
* An increase in the intake of energy-dense foods that are high in fat, salt and sugars but low in vitamins, minerals and other micronutrients, and
* A decline in physical activity as a result of increasingly sedentary nature of many forms of work, new modes of travel and increasing urbanization.
Often changes in eating habits and physical activity are the result of environmental and social changes associated with the development and lack of supportive policies in areas such as health, agriculture, transportation, urban planning, environment, processing, distribution and food marketing, and education.What are the common consequences of overweight and obesity to health?
A high BMI is an important risk factor for noncommunicable diseases, such as:
* Cardiovascular disease (mainly heart disease and stroke), which in 2008 were the leading cause of death;
* Diabetes;
* Musculoskeletal disorders (especially osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease very disabling), and
* Cardiovascular disease (mainly heart disease and stroke), which in 2008 were the leading cause of death, diabetes, musculoskeletal disorders (especially osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease very disabling), and some cancers ( endometrial, breast and colon).
The risk of noncommunicable diseases increases with increasing BMI.
Childhood obesity is associated with an increased likelihood of obesity, premature death and disability in adulthood. Besides these major future risks, obese children suffer from respiratory distress, increased risk of fractures and hypertension, and have early markers of cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance and psychological effects.Face a double burden
Many countries in middle-income countries are now facing a "double burden" of disease.
* While still dealing with the problems of infectious diseases and malnutrition, these countries are experiencing a sharp increase in the risk factors for noncommunicable diseases such as obesity and overweight, particularly in urban environments.
* It is not unusual to find malnutrition and obesity coexist in the same country, the same community and household.
In low income countries and middle children are more likely to receive prenatal nutrition, infant and young child insufficient. At the same time, they are exposed to energy-dense foods high in fat, sugar and salt and low in micronutrients, which are usually inexpensive. These habits, along with a low physical activity, result in sharp growth of childhood obesity, while malnutrition problems remain unresolved.How can you reduce overweight and obesity?
Overweight and obesity and their associated non-communicable diseases are largely preventable. To support people in the process of making choices, so the easiest option is the healthiest in terms of food and regular physical activity, and thereby prevent obesity, some communities are fundamental and some environments.
At the individual level, people can:
* Limiting the energy intake from total fat;
* Increase consumption of fruits and vegetables, and legumes, whole grains and nuts;
* Limit your intake of sugars
* Regular physical activity and
* Energy balance and a healthy weight.
Individual responsibility can only be fully effective when people have access to a healthy lifestyle. Therefore, in social terms is important:
* To support people in carrying out the above recommendations, through a sustained political commitment and collaboration of multiple public and private stakeholders, and
* Make regular physical activity and healthy eating habits are both affordable and easily accessible to all, particularly the poorest.
The food industry can play an important role in promoting healthy eating:
* Reducing fat, sugar and salt in processed food;
* Ensuring that all consumers can physically and economically accessible to a healthy and nutritious food;
* Implementing responsible marketing and
* Ensure the availability of healthy foods and support the practice of regular physical activity in the workplace.
WHO's response
Adopted by the World Health Assembly in 2004, the WHO Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health describes the measures necessary to support healthy eating and regular physical activity. The Strategy calls upon all stakeholders to take action at the global, regional and local levels to improve diets and physical activity among the population.
WHO has established the Action Plan 2008-2013 of the global strategy for prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases in order to help the millions already affected by these diseases that last a lifetime to deal with them and prevent secondary complications. The Action Plan is based on the WHO Framework Convention for the Control of Snuff and the WHO Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health, and provides a roadmap for establishing and strengthening surveillance efforts, prevention and treatment of noncommunicable diseases
0 comments:
Post a Comment